T2Language Focus
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Page H

Language Focus: Articles And Thinking Verbs

From the Reading
从文章中发现冠词

先看文章里的表达：同样是名词，前面为什么有时用 a / the，有时不用 article？

G
Grammar

a / an / the or no article

a / an：第一次提到的单数可数名词

the：具体知道是哪一个，或前面已经提到过

Ø no article：泛指复数名词或不可数名词

Exercise 6

先看文章里的句子。 第一步：找出 a / an / the。 第二步：看这些词后面的名词。 第三步：找出没有 article 的名词。 最后完成 RULE。
1

Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems?

impossible problems = 复数名词泛指，不用 article。
2

I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school recognised that the old pass/fail system wasn’t helping.

a school = 第一次提到；the way / The school / the old pass/fail system = 已经具体或上下文明确。
3

The students feel that they are on a journey.

The students = 文中那所学校的学生；a journey = 一个比喻性的“旅程”。
RULE: We use or + a singular countable noun when the listener / reader doesn’t know exactly which thing we are talking about.
用 a / an 表示“一个”，通常是第一次提到，或者还不具体是哪一个。
We use + noun when it is clear which thing(s) or person / people we are talking about.
用 the 表示双方已经知道具体是哪一个，或者前面已经提过。
We use + plural countable noun or + uncountable noun, when we are talking about things in general.
泛指复数名词或不可数名词时，通常不加 article。

Exercise 7

Complete each sentence with a, an, the or – (no article).

0 She is a good student.

1 She eats a lot of fruit and vegetables.
fruit 是不可数名词，vegetables 是复数名词。这里是泛指食物种类，所以不用 article。
2 book that you gave me was really good.
这里不是随便一本书，而是 “you gave me” 限定的那本书，所以用 the。
3 I have idea. Let’s watch new Beyoncé video.
an idea = 第一次提到一个想法；the new Beyoncé video = 说话人和听话人都知道是哪一个新视频，或语境中已经具体化。
4 I never drink coffee – I hate it.
coffee 是不可数名词，这里泛指咖啡这种饮品，所以不用 article。
5 I like lots of sports, but sport I like most is tennis.
the sport I like most = 我最喜欢的那项运动，已经被后面的从句限定，所以用 the。

Exercise 8

Complete the text with a, an, the or –.

0 – People need to drink. Of course 1 orange juice and 2 apple juice are very popular, but they are not always 3 good choice. 4 Orange juice has got a lot of sugar in it, so don’t drink too much of it. The best drink for your brain is 5 water. 6 glass of water is the best drink you can get, but 7 water that you drink needs to be fresh and clean.

1 – orange juice
泛指橙汁这种饮品，不用 article。

2 – apple juice
泛指苹果汁这种饮品，不用 article。

3 a good choice
choice 是单数可数名词，第一次提到一个选择，所以用 a。

4 – Orange juice
泛指橙汁这种饮品，不用 article。

5 – water
water 是不可数名词，泛指水，所以不用 article。

6 A glass of water
glass 是单数可数名词，第一次提到一杯水，所以用 A。

7 the water that you drink
后面有 that you drink 限定，表示你喝的那种水，所以用 the。

More Practice
Articles Lab

冠词专项训练：a / an / the / no article

继续练习发音判断、固定搭配和有无 the 的意义区别。

Open Articles Lab
进入冠词训练器
AZ
Vocabulary

Verbs About Thinking

Meaning Map

这些词都和“脑子里发生的事情”有关，但意思不一样：有的是思考，有的是相信，有的是想象，有的是突然明白。

Exercise 9

Find these verbs in a dictionary and write their definitions in your notebook.

Exercise 10

Choose the correct words.

1 The task was very difficult. I had to remember / think about it for a long time.

2 Come on, don’t be silly. I don’t believe / realise in ghosts!

3 Can you imagine / concentrate how great it must be to live at the beach?

4 When the teacher asked the question a different way, I supposed / realised that I knew the answer!

5 Did they really say they are moving to New York? I don’t suppose / believe it!

6 I haven’t seen her for six years. I don’t think I would realise / recognise her.

7 I have no idea what the answer is. I’ll just have to recognise / guess.

8 I was so tired that I found it hard to think / concentrate on the test.

9 Have you ever wondered / believed why I haven’t phoned you for months?

10 If we want to get there faster, I wonder / suppose we should take a taxi.

Exercise 11

SPEAKING Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.

1 Are there any places where you can think really well or not well at all?

我在哪里更容易思考：I can think really well in ...我什么时候很难思考：I find it hard to think when ...

2 Does music help you to concentrate or make it difficult for you to concentrate? Does it matter what kind of music it is?

音乐帮助我集中注意力：Music helps me concentrate when ...看音乐类型：It depends on the kind of music.

3 In what situations can you imagine things really well? Do you find it difficult to use your imagination sometimes?

我什么时候容易想象：I can imagine things well when ...有时候很难，因为：Sometimes it is difficult because ...

4 Do you find it difficult to remember things sometimes? What sort of things?

我很难记住：I find it difficult to remember ...我很容易记住：I can remember ... easily.

5 Have you ever tried meditation? Do you think meditating is useful?

我试过 / 没试过 meditation：I have / haven’t tried meditation.我觉得它有用，因为：I think it is useful because ...